中國歷史中國商朝算起約有3600年,自夏朝算起約有4000年,自黃帝時代算起則約有4700年。有歷史學者認為,在人類文明史中,「歷史時代」的定義是指從有文字發明時起算,在那之前則稱為「史前時代」;歷史中傳説伏羲八卦黃帝時代倉頡文字;近代考古發現了3350多年前(前1350年商朝甲骨文、約3000年前至4000年前的陶文、約4000年前至5000年前具有文字性質的龜骨契刻符號

政治社會形態區分中國歷史,據考古資料顯示,約在早於距今6000年前的裴李崗文化晚期或者仰韶文化早期時代,中原地區從母系氏族社會過渡到了父系氏族社會。同時,原始社會平等被打破。而據有文字記載的歷史,商朝已經開始君王世襲周朝建立完備的封建社會制度東周逐漸解構,秦朝統一各國政治和許多民間分歧的文字和丈量制度,並建立中央集權政治。自漢朝起則以文官主治國家直至清朝。清末以降,民主政治馬克思主義等各種政治思潮流傳,先是推翻帝制成立中華民國,三四十年後民國政府因內戰失敗而退守台灣。1949年,中國共產黨中國大陸建立了中華人民共和國

經濟形態觀察,中國古代人口主要由自由民構成,私有制商業活動發達。周朝時商業主要由封建領主階層控制的官商貿易和庶民的自由貿易構成。秦漢以後實行中央集權,人口由等構成,其中以從事農業的自由民為主體,是一個君權官僚制下的以土地爲主要生產資本的較為自由的商業經濟社會,一些重要的行業譬如等由官商壟斷。除了農業,手工業以及商業貿易也有很大的發展。早在漢朝絲路的開通,促進了東亞與中亞歐洲的陸上交通時,國際貿易早已起步;隋唐時大運河的開通促進了南北貿易;唐朝的盛世及外交的開放、交通的建設,更使各國文化、物資得以交流;宋代時出現了紙幣;元代時因為全面開通了商旅的關卡而導致與中亞的商業交流十分繁榮;明朝中葉實行海禁,清代則受到西方國家海上發展的影響,海上國際貿易發展迅猛。自中華民國成立起試圖建立民主國家,實行自由經濟,直到1990年代台灣落實民主制度,1950年代以後30多年迅速實現了向工業化社會的轉型;而中國大陸則在1949年後實行中國共產黨完全領導下的多黨合作和政治協商制度統治,起先為公有制計劃經濟社會,改革開放後逐步向私有制市場經濟社會轉型,該形態被稱為在宏觀調控下的中國特色市場經濟,同時,1980年代以來工業化發展迅猛,數億人口在短短20多年內從農民轉為產業工人(目前僅僅被稱為「農民工」的產業工人就達到約2億)。隨著中國的發展,中華人民共和國加入中華民國作為創始會員國的關稅暨貿易總協定演變而來的世界貿易組織之後,中國經濟成為全球經濟中越來越重要的組成部分。

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    A small video clip from the famous Arrow Scene Taken from the film "Hero".
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    "By the 260's BC, all other states of China realized the full magnitude of the Qin reforms to the very nature of warfare. All vestiges of aristocratic pleasantry had vanished in favor of raw efficiency. Starting 265 BC Qin launched a massive invasion against Han. By 262 BC Qin was again bullying Han to give up its Shangdang area. Han, not willing to benefit Qin, turned to Zhao and offered Shangdang to Zhao, which lead to a standoff between Qin and Zhao for the control of Shangdang, and, in a larger stage, the dominance of northern China. The two states engaged in a three years long Battle of Changping, followed by another three years long siege of Handan, which saw not just war in the field but also full involvement in both home fronts campaigning for supplies and political plots. The type of warring scheme in Changping was a show-down of overall state strength stretched to its maximum by the two sides. Qin, despite its stacked resources and vast manpower, had to enlist every man above the age of 15 to be on war related duties, from front line service to logistics to agriculture, and saw King Zhaoxiang himself directing the army supply lines. The extent of mobilization and the resulting exhaustion in the aftermath was never be seen in world history for another 2,000 years until this concept of total war was back on stage again during WWI. At the end, it was diplomatic corruption plots by Qin within the Zhao court which resulted in a change in the Zhao general staff that led Qin to her ultimate victory in battle in 260 BC. Afterwards, Qin general Bai Qi sent a dreadfully staggering message to the whole known world of Qin's mighty indisputable authority by ordering the execution of some 400,000 POWs from the surrendered Zhao army. In total, Zhao lost almost 450,000 troops. It was the beginning of the end of Zhao."

     
     
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